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This topic includes the following sections:

System Requirements for Installing the JDK on macOS

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I am aware of several tools which allow me to open a DMG file under Windows (for instance 7-Zip or TransMac), but they don't seem to be able to update the contents of a compressed DMG file. And moreover, I really need to be able to do this from my build scripts, which have to run on Windows.

The following are the system requirements for installing the JDK on macOS:

  • Any Intel-based computer running macOS.

  • Administrator privileges.

    You cannot install Java for a single user. Installing the JDK on macOS is performed on a systemwide basis for all users. Administrator privileges are required to install the JDK on macOS.

Determining the Default JDK Version on macOS

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When starting a Java application through the command line, the system uses the default JDK.

There can be multiple JDKs installed on the macOS system.

You can determine which version of the JDK is the default by entering java -version in a Terminal window. If the installed version is 12 Interim 0, Update 0, and Patch 0, then you see a string that includes the text 12. For example:

To run a different version of Java, either specify the full path, or use the java_home tool. For example:

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$ /usr/libexec/java_home -v 12 --exec javac -version

Installing the JDK on macOS

  1. Download the JDK .dmg file, jdk-12.interim.update.patch-macosx-x64.dmg.

    Before the file can be downloaded, you must accept the license agreement.

  2. From either the browser Downloads window or from the file browser, double-click the .dmg file to start it.
    A Finder window appears that contains an icon of an open box and the name of the .pkg file.
  3. Double-click the JDK 12.pkg icon to start the installation application.
    The installation application displays the Introduction window.
  4. Click Continue.
  5. Click Install.
    A window appears that displays the message: Installer is trying to install new software. Enter your password to allow this.
  6. Enter the Administrator user name and password and click Install Software.
    The software is installed and a confirmation window is displayed.
After the software is installed, you can delete the .dmg file if you want to save disk space.

Uninstalling the JDK on macOS

You must have Administrator privileges.

Note:

Do not attempt to uninstall Java by removing the Java tools from /usr/bin. This directory is part of the system software and any changes will be reset by Apple the next time that you perform an update of the OS.

  1. Go to /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines.
  2. Remove the directory whose name matches the following format by executing the rm command as a root user or by using the sudo tool:
    /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-interim.update.patch.jdk

    For example, to uninstall 12 Interim 0 Update 0 Patch 0:

    $ rm -rf jdk-12.jdk

Installation FAQ on macOS Platform

This topic provides answers for the following frequently asked questions about installing JDK on macOS computers.

1. How do I find out which version of Java is the system default?

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When you run a Java application from the command line, it uses the default JDK. If you do not develop Java applications, then you do not need to worry about this. See Determining the Default JDK Version on macOS.

2. How do I uninstall Java?

See Uninstalling the JDK on macOS.

3. After installing Java for macOS 2012-006, can I continue to use Apple's Java 6 alongside the macOS JDK for Java 12?

If you want to continue to develop with Java 6 using command-line, then you can modify the startup script for your favorite command environment. For bash, use this:

$ export JAVA_HOME=`/usr/libexec/java_home -v 12`

Some applications use /usr/bin/java to call Java. After installing Java for macOS 2012-006, /usr/bin/java will find the newest JDK installed, and will use that for all of the Java-related command-line tools in /usr/bin. You may need to modify those applications to find Java 6, or contact the developer for a newer version of the application.

4. Can I restore Apple Java after uninstalling Oracle Java?

Go back to Apple Java using the following instructions:

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  1. Uninstall Oracle Java by deleting the plug-in file. From a command-line, enter:

    $ sudo rm -rf '/Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin'

  2. Create a symlink using the following command, entered on a single line:

    $ sudo ln -s /System/Library/Java/Support/CoreDeploy.bundle/Contents/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin '/Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin'

5. What happened to the Java Preferences app in Application Utilities?

The Java Preferences app was part of the Apple Java installation and is not used by Oracle Java. Therefore, macOS releases from Apple that do not include Apple Java will not include Java Preferences.

File TypeApple Disk Image

DeveloperApple
Popularity
CategoryDisk Image Files
FormatBinary

What is a DMG file?

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A DMG file is a mountable disk image used to distribute software to the macOS operating system. The file is typically downloaded from the Internet by a Mac user, then double-clicked to install an application on the computer.

Today, software developers typically build and distribute applications for Mac users as DMG, .APP, or .PKG files. DMG files are especially common since their contents can be verified upon installation to ensure they have not been tampered with and they can also be compressed to reduce the size of the installer.

When a Mac user downloads a DMG file, he can simply double-click it to open it with the DiskImageMounter utility that comes with macOS. When the DMG file is opened, it mounts a virtual disk on the desktop and in an Apple Finder window as if it was a CD or a USB flash drive that was just inserted into the computer.

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In the Finder window, the Mac user can double-click the program icon, which is an APP file, to run the app. Or the Mac user can drag the program icon to the 'Applications' folder icon to move it to the 'Applications' directory in macOS.

After the software stored in the DMG file is installed, the DMG file is no longer needed. Therefore, DMG files can be deleted after installing the software.

While DMG files are Mac-specific and not intended for use in Windows, there are several Windows programs that can extract their contents or convert them to other formats. Some programs include 7-Zip, PeaZip, and DMG2IMG.

NOTE: The DMG format replaced the .IMG file format, which was previously used in Mac OS Classic.

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Programs that open DMG files
Mac
Apple Disk Utility
Roxio Toast 18
Incredible Bee Archiver
Catacombae HFSExplorer
Windows
File Viewer Plus
7-Zip
PeaZip
Catacombae HFSExplorer
Reincubate DMG Extractor
DMG2IMG
DMG2ISO
Linux
Catacombae HFSExplorer